Thursday 31 January 2013

Source is Blood Cancer



 

 Source is blood cancer drug orders?

Recently, the media reported that a class of drugs for high blood pressure known blocker receptor blockers (ARBs) is used by millions of patients to a significant increase in cancer, especially lung cancer cause. This is the result of Source is Blood Cancera study recently online in the Sinai and his colleagues published in the medical journal The Lancet Oncology.
A cascade of hormonal reactions, especially as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) hormonal system is essential for the maintenance of blood pressure cancer. The first step in the chain rennin production in the kidneys when renal blood pressure. Rennin stimulates the production of a protein called angiotensin I, which. Then to angiotensin II by converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the lung Angiotensin II is the most powerful constrictor of blood vessels is known, which leads to a constriction of the blood pressure. Angiotensin II also causes the release of the hormone aldosterone, which further also to an increase in blood pressure. Each drug that inhibits the production of angiotensin II on the RAA system is useful in lowering the blood pressure. Both classes of drugs have significant effects on the RAA system blockers receptor blockers (ARBs), and inhibitors of drug-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and are widely used for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure and diabetes-related kidney damage. The mechanisms of action of these two drugs are different but have the same result: the reduction of blood pressure or hypertension. For example, ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure, not only by the blocking of the production of angiotensin II, but the increase in the amount of corrosive chemicals, including nitric oxide, which is to expand the artery.
Since the use of the reserve is used, a drug for high blood pressure, but was not used, does not come with an increased risk of breast cancer more than 50 years, the question of antihypertensive and cancer n 'linked to rest. Beta-blockers were. Lung cancer, diuretics thiamine with renal cell carcinoma and colorectal cancer, and calcium antagonists in cancer in general in most cases, the risk is low and is not supported by experimental or epidemiological biochemical data. The relationship between diuretic therapy of renal cell carcinoma, and supported by a number of experimental and clinical and biochemical fragments concern, especially for women.
An association between ACE inhibitors and cancer was found when the results of the evaluation of candesartan to reduce heart failure mortality and morbidity (CHARM) study were published in 2003. The results of the CHARM study showed that patients treated with candesartan, control a significantly increased risk of fatal cancers compared to patients had, but the researchers concluded that this is probably due to chance. Since then, several other studies, including the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND LIVE observed an excess of malignancies in patients randomized to ARBs compared with placebo.
For this reason, the Sinai, and colleagues conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether the ARA had an impact on new cases. Data were available from all scientific randomized trials and the general public, in which patients were treated with an antagonist of angiotensin receptors in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure and kidney damage treat diabetes derived. The five trials with new cancer data were ONTARGET confess, LIFE, Transcend and CHARM-Overall. In addition, data are available to cancer death in life, Transcend, VALIANT, and Val-Heft. In 85.7% of the studies telmisartan comment marketed as spontaneous abortion, used under different names. Telmisartan is marketed for the treatment of high blood pressure since its adoption in 1998. It is also suitable for use in reducing the risk of heart attack, stroke, heart attack or death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients 55 years or older who were at high risk for cardiovascular events allowed Major, are incapable of ACE take inhibitors. Therefore, it is really the effect of telmisartan on new cancer, which is accessible in this meta-analysis.
The analysis of 61,590 patients followed: The researchers found, to accept an increase of 11 per cent of cancers in general and 25 percent of lung cancer patients, ARB drugs. In general, the patients participating in the study were randomized to ARBs have an increased risk of cancer diagnosis compared with patients assigned to placebo (7.2% vs. 6%). Studied the solid organ cancers only an increased risk of lung cancer was compared with the control group (0.9% versus 0.7%) were identified. This effect leads to small but significant additional case of cancer for every 105 patients, the drugs for four years, which does not seem like a risk, but it's similar to observed with passive smoking. However, this is the first time that an association has been made, even if the risk to the patient is not very large, the clinical significance of this potential excess cancer risk unknown.
Given the millions of patients with these drugs, there is a significant number because it is an idea of ​​the number of excess cancers lends be potentially caused by these drugs. The finding of a 1.2% increase in the absolute risk of cancer by an average of four years to be interpreted taking into account the estimated lifetime cancer risk of 41%. In the context of this meta-analysis, the researchers reported that to date, there are no significant safety concerns associated with the use of the ARA. "However, clinical trials of ARBs have mainly assessed their effects on cardiovascular and renal parameters and are usually not reported incidence of cancer," the researchers write. Receptor antagonists may be replaced by angiotensin by other medicines for high blood pressure, the researchers said, but cautioned patients not to do anything until you have consulted a doctor because these drugs have a positive impact on the control of blood pressure and heart failure.
Bushranger Ingelheim officials disputed the findings in a statement, saying the company "a comprehensive analysis of internal data security data against primary conclusions about an increased risk of malignant potential." They also noted that the finding of a slightly increased risk of cancer diagnosis in the meta-analysis was "mainly due to the combination arm of telmisartan and ramipril is based [Alsace, King Pharmaceuticals], an inhibitor of the ECA, in ONTARGET and not the poor every connection "test separately, he said, noting that the product labeling for telmisartan does not recommend the combination with ACE inhibitors.
In most studies, and Meta-analyzes, the risk of cancer with inhibitors of the RAA system was either equal to or less than its comparator (including placebo). Therefore, the present study reveals a moderately increased risk of cancer diagnosis nine with ARA is a strict and certainly unexpected. While meta-analysis has its advantages, including its size, the severity of the call and applying appropriate filters to exclude potentially unreliable data ", there are also weaknesses, researchers agree, such as post-hoc nature of this research, in which only certain drugs the ARB analyzed and the data were checked not designed to explore cancer endpoints.
In an editorial to this meta-analysis, Steven E. Nissen said that although researchers are "appropriately cautious" to draw conclusions from the analysis because it is not known whether other ARBs, irbesartan (steam, Bristol-Myers Squibb / Sarnoff-Aventis), valsartan (Divan, Novartis), olmesartan (Benicia, Daiichi Sankyo), and eprosartan (Teeter, Abbott), are associated with an increased risk for the occurrence of cancer nine remained "disturbing and proactive." More research is needed to conclusively. Any cancer risk with these drugs Moreover, the mechanism of the possible increase in new cancer events associated with ARBs is uncertain, according to the authors. Few, if any, the biological plausibility of a drug exposure of a few years would only increase the risk of cancer diagnosis. Tobacco use is a risk factor for lung cancer, the most powerful; it takes more than 10 years have a significantly increased risk for lung cancer. Therefore, it is very unlikely that the exposure to drugs in the short term, such as in clinical trials ARBs have a clinically significant effect. However, regulators should. The possible link between ARB use and cancer and fast conclusions Meanwhile ARBs are often prescribed anyway should be reserved for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors.
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